INSTABILITY

Shoulder instability means the shoulder joint is too loose and it is able to slide around too much in the socket. In some cases, the unstable shoulder actually slips out of the socket and dislocates. If not treated, the instability can lead to arthritis of the shoulder joint. Treatment goals for shoulder instability are to initially alleviate pain and reduce inflammation. A rehabilitation program helps with strengthening the shoulder and positioning techniques in order to regain stability of the joint.

Generally, there are 3 ways the shoulder can become unstable: dislocation, repetitive strain and multidirectional instability. Dislocations are commonly cause by trauma to the joint. In some cases, ligaments may be injured and surrounding cartilage could tear. Sometimes, instability is caused by loose ligaments. Some people’s ligaments are normally loose but repetitive motions and overuse can also cause the ligaments to loosen. When the ligaments are looser than normal, it is hard for the shoulder to remain stable. This can also cause multidirectional instability, in people who have anatomically loose ligaments. Because of this, the shoulder can dislocate in various directions.

If not treated, the instability can lead to arthritis of the shoulder joint. Common symptoms include pain from an injury, repetitive dislocations and the feeling of a loose shoulder, slipping in and out of the joint.

Treatment goals for shoulder instability are to initially alleviate pain and reduce inflammation. Non-surgical interventions include resting and restricting certain activities as well as anti-inflammatory medicine. Physical therapy is important to strengthen the shoulder muscles and increase stability. Surgical intervention may be necessary to repair injured ligaments.